New Delhi
About 200 million people around the world consume drugs each year,
with cocaine, opium and its derivatives - including heroin - topping
the list of favorites, a United Nations report said Tuesday.
"Though a large share of the world's population - about five percent
of the people between the ages of 15 and 64 - uses illicit drugs
each year, only a small fraction of these can be considered 'problem
drug users'," the report issued by the United Nations Office on
Drugs and Crime (UNODC) said.
According to the report, opium continued to be the prime drug in
most of Europe and Asia. In South America victims queue up mostly
for cocaine-abuse treatment and in Africa abuse is primarily
confined to cannabis.
More than half of the world's opiate (opium derivatives)-using
population lives in Asia, with the highest levels of abuse occurring
along the main drug-trafficking routes out of Afghanistan.
The total number of opiate users in Central Asia is close to
300,000. Around one million people around the world use heroin.
The report said that the global consumer market of narcotics has
remained stable in 2006 despite a significant increase in drug abuse
in the countries along major trafficking routes.
However, the report noted that several Asian countries - Pakistan,
Iran and India included - and some parts of Africa, Russia and
Europe had recorded an increase in heroin consumption over the last
decade.
"Many of these areas have high levels of poverty and HIV, leaving
people vulnerable to the worst effects of this drug," said the
report.
The UN organization added that cocaine use in Asia has increased
slightly, mainly due to higher levels of use in India. Still, in
most parts of Asia cocaine use remained at very low levels.
Cocaine use increased in 2006 in Africa, especially western Africa.
High and rising levels of cocaine use has also been reported from
Britain and Italy.
However, the UNODC stressed that the global drug problem was being
contained. The production and consumption of cannabis, cocaine,
amphetamines and Ecstasy have stabilized at the global level - with
one exception.
"The exception is the continuing expansion of opium production in
Afghanistan. This expansion continues to pose a threat - to the
security of the country and to the global containment of opiate
abuse."
The report also said that the global opiate interception rate rose
from just nine percent in 1990 to 15 percent in 1995, 21 percent in
2000 and 26 percent in 2005 - reflecting increased efforts made by
various countries to curb trafficking in opiates.
In Pakistan, where poppy is grown in the Afghan-Pakistan border
region, the government reported a 59 percent reduction in the area
under cultivation in 2006, bringing it to 1,545 hectares.
The report said that injecting drug use has contributed to
increasing HIV infections in India, Indonesia, Iran, Libya,
Pakistan, Spain, Ukraine, Uruguay and Vietnam.
"In China, Central Asia and several countries of eastern Europe,
injecting drug use has been the most frequently cited mode of
transmission of HIV in recent years," the report said.
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